Diabetes is a very serious and dangerous disease that requires constant treatment. Along with the use of drug therapy, patients should lead a healthy lifestyle, give up addictions, and do sports. It is also important to know what you can eat with diabetes and which foods you should completely avoid.
If there is a serious deterioration of health, weakness, persistent and, in addition, unquenchable thirst, xerostomia, frequent urination, itching of the skin, especially in the areas of the legs and hips, you should immediately consult a doctor. endocrinologist and undergo examination. These symptoms indicate the development of diabetes.
Pain, of course, is terrible and painful, but this is not a sentence. Many people live with pain. In order to normalize a good life, maintain a normal level of sugar in the blood and eliminate unpleasant symptoms, it is necessary to follow a special diet and know what to eat with diabetes.
Pathology can develop in both adults and children. Most often, the disease is diagnosed in pregnant women. With proper treatment and proper nutrition, the disease can be controlled.
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What to drink with diabetes
Most patients try to look at their diet. They do not eat junk food and try to make food as healthy and balanced as possible. But not everyone has control over what they drink. People with diabetes should not drink alcoholic beverages, store-bought juices, strong tea, kvass, sweet soda.
If you want to drink, you should give preference to the following drinks:
- non-carbonated mineral water or purified water;
- sugar-free juices;
- network;
- compotes;
- weak teas;
- Green tea;
- herbal decoctions and tinctures;
- freshly squeezed juices (but only diluted);
- skimmed milk products.
Doctors do not recommend patients to drink coffee. However, scientists have proven that coffee is rich in useful and necessary substances, including antioxidants that prevent the development of tumors. They are rich in grains and linoleic acid, which prevent the development of heart attacks, strokes and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, you can drink coffee with diabetes, the main thing is that the coffee is natural and sugar-free.
Basic rules of proper nutrition
Every diabetic should know what to eat when they have diabetes. Eating all the food in a row leads to deterioration of general well-being.
Any diet, including diabetes, has its own characteristics and rules.
Diet therapy should include:
- limiting the consumption of carbohydrate products;
- reduced calorie consumption;
- use of fortified foods;
- eating five to six meals a day;
- while eating;
- enriching the diet with natural vitamins - vegetables and fruits (except sweets, especially dates and dates);
- eat less food;
- remove long intervals between meals;
- create a menu taking into account the GI of products;
- reduce salt intake;
- refuse to eat fatty, spicy, spicy, fried foods;
- avoid alcohol and sweet soda, as well as convenience food and fast food;
- replacing sugar with natural sweeteners: fructose, sorbitol, etc. b. ;
- Use boiled, baked and steamed foods.
Proper nutrition is the key to good health
Diabetes, regardless of the type of disease, should follow a proper and healthy diet: +
- It is important to have a full breakfast to keep insulin levels constant.
- Every meal should start with a vegetable salad. It contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes and weight correction.
- The last meal should be no later than three hours before bedtime.
- The food you eat should be at a comfortable temperature. Diabetics can eat warm and moderately cold foods.
- The liquid can be drunk half an hour before or 30 minutes after a meal. Do not drink water or juice during meals.
- Maintaining a daily routine is important. Eating five to six meals a day prevents a sharp increase in blood glucose.
- The diet should be enriched with low-fat fish, low-fat dairy products, vegetables and fruits, and cereals.
- People with diabetes should avoid sugar and all foods containing it.
- The optimal daily calorie content is 2400 kcal.
- It is also necessary to control the chemical composition of the dishes. The proportion of complex carbohydrates in the daily diet is 50%, proteins - 20%, fats - 30%.
- Drink one and a half liters of purified or mineral still water per day.
GI (glycemic index) - what is it?
Each product has its own GI. Otherwise, it is called "bread unit" - XE. And if the nutritional value determines how many useful substances are converted into energy for the body, then the GI is an indicator of the digestibility of carbohydrate foods. This shows how quickly carbohydrate foods are absorbed, while increasing blood sugar levels.
Diet and what diabetes can eat according to table #9
Many patients hear the word "diet" and think of it as a sentence. They believe that the diet is limited to a minimum. In fact, everything is far from it. Diet therapy for the disease involves caloric restriction, consumption of complex carbohydrates, and elimination of simple carbohydrates. Food can be both medicinal and delicious at the same time. You just need to know what you can eat with diabetes.
A healthy diet can help you manage your weight and maintain normal insulin levels.
Patients are allowed to use the following products:
- From bread. It is better to have black bread or products intended for people with diabetes. The daily rate of 300 grams of grain, grain and "Borodino" bread is also allowed.
- Soups. First dishes should be cooked in vegetable broth.
- Lean meat (beef, beef, rabbit, chicken) and fish: pike, carp, cod. Any method of preparation except frying is excluded.
- Eggs and boiled eggs. You can eat no more than one egg a day. Abuse of this product is accompanied by an increase in cholesterol levels.
- Dairy products (skimmed milk, cottage cheese, kefir, cottage cheese, fermented baked milk, natural yogurts).
- Cheese (without salt and low fat).
- Fruits and berries: grapefruit, raspberry, apple, kiwi. Their consumption not only increases sugar, but also helps reduce the level of harmful cholesterol.
- Vegetables: cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, greens.
- Honey (limited).
- Drinks: juices, herbs, mineral water.
All these foods can be eaten by diabetics. However, the main thing is to keep everything in moderation. Food should not be greasy. You can't drink alcohol either.
Allowed foods for people with insulin-dependent form
Pathology of the first type, or insulin-dependent diabetes, is characterized by severe symptoms, accompanied by an acute course and increased appetite. In addition to using insulin, it is important to know what diabetics can eat. A well-balanced diet is the best way to maintain health and well-being.
The diet of diabetics with pathology of the first type is similar to the diet of patients with the second type. It is allowed to use: non-carbonated mineral water, seafood and low-fat fish, oats and buckwheat, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, boiled eggs, dietary meat.
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Pathology Table #9
Patients are often prescribed according to the diet table No. 9. The diet prescribes eating six meals a day, excluding fats, fried foods, spicy, smoked meats, salty foods and sweets. The energy value of the daily ration should not exceed 2500 kcal. Diabetics can eat food cooked in any way, except fried food.
What not to do with diabetes: allowed and prohibited foods, sample menu
Anyone suffering from diabetes should know what not to do with diabetes. Abuse of harmful products leads to damage.
The following products should be canceled:
- Sahara. It is recommended to replace it with sweeteners.
- Cooking. Such food is strictly prohibited. In addition to being high in sugar, they are also high in calories, which is not good for blood glucose levels.
- Fatty meat and fish products.
- Smoked foods and preserves. These products have a high glycemic index.
- Animal fats, mayonnaise.
- Dairy products with high fat content.
- Semolina and cereal products, as well as pasta.
- Vegetables. You cannot eat some vegetables with diabetes, but if it does not work, you should limit their consumption as much as possible: potatoes, fried zucchini.
- Sweet fruits.
- Beverages: sweetened soda, concentrated or store-bought juices, compotes, strong black tea.
- Snacks, seeds, chips.
- Sweets. It is forbidden to use ice cream, jam, milk chocolate with any type of diabetes, especially with gestational diabetes.
- Alcoholic drinks.
Allowed and prohibited products:
Along with insulin, a healthy diet is key to good health. Adherence to the diet, as well as the use of medicines, should be for the rest of the patient's life. This is the only way to maintain normal blood sugar levels. What to eat and what not to eat with diabetes.
allowed to eat:
- purified water or mineral water;
- weak tea, coffee;
- mushrooms;
- green beans;
- radish;
- radish;
- turnip;
- string beans;
- vegetables;
- carrots;
- beetroot;
- eggplant;
- bell pepper;
- cabbage;
- cucumber;
- a tomato.
Permitted use:
- an egg;
- fruits;
- fruits;
- soup;
- croup;
- bread;
- Legumes (peas, beans, lentils);
- potatoes;
- honey;
- low-fat cheeses;
- low-fat dairy products;
- low-fat boiled sausage;
- meat and fish products.
It is forbidden to eat:
- alcoholic drinks;
- grapes;
- a banana;
- dates;
- dates;
- sweets (ice cream, jam, lollipops, cookies);
- Sahara;
- seeds;
- canned food;
- smoked and sausage products;
- fatty meat and fish products;
- fatty dairy products;
- animal fats.
How to replace harmful foods
Patients are forbidden to eat high-calorie foods, because such foods worsen the development of the disease and the effect of drugs.
Harmful products can be replaced with useful products that are suitable for their composition:
- White bread can be replaced with rye flour products.
- Sweets and desserts - fruits and diabetic desserts.
- Animal fats are vegetable fats.
- Fatty meat products and cheeses - low-fat products, avocado.
- Cream is a low-fat dairy product.
- Ice cream - hard cheeses, seafood, legumes.
- Beer - dairy products, beef, eggs.
- Sweet soda - beets, carrots, peas.
- Sausage is a dairy product.
Approximate weekly menu
Taking into account what is possible and impossible with diabetes, you can make your own menu every day or immediately for a week. Below is a sample menu for the week.
First day.
- Breakfast: salad with cucumber and cabbage, oatmeal, weak tea.
- Perekus: apple or kefir.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, zucchini, compote.
- Snack: cottage cheese.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken fillet, juice.
The second day.
- Breakfast: milk pumpkin porridge, jelly.
- Snack: cookie cookies.
- Lunch: lean borscht, boiled pollock fillet and millet porridge, green tea.
- Food: boiled milk.
- Dinner: pumpkin, kefir.
The third day.
- Breakfast: boiled eggs, cheese sandwich, coffee.
- Snack: baked apple.
- Lunch: fish soup, buckwheat porridge, steamed chicken, tomato juice.
- Snack: orange.
- Dinner: milk rice porridge, boiled shrimps, fermented baked milk.
The fourth day.
- Breakfast: eggs, cheese sandwich, tea.
- Snack: salad with tomatoes, cucumbers and bell peppers.
- Lunch: cabbage soup, stewed fish, compote.
- Perecus: raspberry jelly.
- Dinner: baked turkey, tomato juice.
The fifth day.
- Breakfast: baked pumpkin, apple compote.
- Food: an apple.
- Lunch: mushroom soup, oatmeal, carrot juice.
- Food: kefir.
- Dinner: lazy cabbage rolls, boiled milk.
The sixth day.
- Breakfast: cottage cheese, coffee.
- Perecus: apple juice and cookies.
- Lunch: soup with chicken and buckwheat, baked hake, compote.
- Snack: vegetable salad.
- Dinner: steamed beef cutlet, oatmeal, carrot juice.
The seventh day.
- Breakfast: pumpkin porridge, green tea.
- Snack: any permitted fruit.
- Lunch: soup with rice, peppers stuffed with chicken, tomato juice.
- Snack: vegetable salad, cheese sandwich.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge, boiled cabbage, kefir.
It can be six times. But the main thing is that the last meal should be no later than three hours before bedtime.
Diet therapy for diabetes is not difficult, but necessary. The list of allowed foods is very large, so the diet will not be monotonous. The key thing to understand is that eating right when you're sick is key to staying healthy and maintaining normal blood sugar levels.